The Right to Peaceful Assembly and Peaceful Procession Act
(The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw Law No. 15/2011)
7th day of the Waxing Moon of Nadaw in 1373
(2nd December 2011)
Introduction
In Article 354 Section (B) of the Union Republic of Myanmar Constitution Law, it is prescribed that if
not contrary to the laws enacted for Union security, rule of law, community peace and tranquility, or
public morality, every citizen shall be at liberty to assemble and hold a procession peacefully without
arms. So that citizens can exercise these rights legally, Pyidaungsu Hluttaw has enacted this law.
Chapter (1) Terms and Definitions
1. This law shall be called the law of peaceful assembly and peaceful procession.
2. Words in this law shall have the following meanings:
(a) A citizen refers to a person who is born to parents both of whom are nationals of the
Union Republic of Myanmar and is a legal citizen on the day the constitution is confirmed
and enacted.
(b) A peaceful assembly refers to a peaceful gathering of more than one person, unarmed and
following the rules, and giving speeches in permitted public places according to this law
for the purpose of expressing their wishes and convictions.
(c) A peaceful procession refers to more than one person having a peaceful procession in
an orderly fashion, unarmed and following the rules, on a permitted public road for the
purpose of expressing their wishes and convictions.
(d) A permit refers to the permission given in accordance to this Act to allow a peaceful
gathering or peaceful procession.
(e) A poster refers to an expression that does not harm the dignity of a person; it be in words,
signs, images, photographs, paintings, cartoons, statues, television broadcast, or something
expressed in any other way, and held in hand, placed in the ground, pasted on another
item or some other way, for the purpose of expressing one’s wishes and convictions.
(f) A sign refers to an expression that does not harm the dignity of a person; it includes the
name of a party or an association or an organization in words, to be held in hand, placed
in the ground, or hung or expressed in some other ways, for the purpose of expressing
one’s wishes and convictions.
(g) Arms refer to weapons and equipment, the definitions of which provided in Weapons and
Explosives Act, as well as things that can be dangerous to another person.
(h) A flag refers to flags of the Union, official parties, and official associations and
organizations.
Chapter (2) Purpose
3. The purpose of this Act is as follows:
(a) For Union security, rule of law, community peace and tranquility, or public morality;
(b) For the citizens, as defined by the Union Republic of Myanmar Constitution, to be able to
systematically exercise their basic right to peaceful assembly and peaceful procession and
to provide them with legal protection;
(c) To protect the public from harassment, danger, harm, and obstruction from those who are
exercising their right to peaceful assembly and peaceful procession.
Chapter (3) Applying for Permission
4. The citizens or organizations that want to exercise the right to peaceful assembly and
peaceful procession and express themselves must apply for the permission at least five days
in advance by using the form, including the following information, to the Chief of the
Township Police Force.
(a) Purpose of the peaceful assembly, the site, the date and time, the topic at the assembly, and
the chants;
(b) Purpose of the peaceful procession, the route, the date and time, and the chants;
(c) The person applying for the permit for peaceful assembly and peaceful procession, and
biographies of the leader and the speaker;
(d) The schedule of peaceful assembly or peaceful procession and approximate number of
attendees;
(e) If an organization is conducting the peaceful assembly or peaceful procession, record of
that organization’s decision or supporting document;
(f) If permission is given, the agreement to abide by the rules in this Act as well as the permission.
Chapter (4) Issuance and Denial of Permission
5. When the Chief of the Township Police Force receives an application from a citizen or citizens,
or an organization, submitted in accordance with the rules for permission, the permission can
be issued or denied with approval from the Chief Administrator of the Township Department
of General Administration from the township concerned. However, it cannot be denied when
it is not in breach of the security of the State, rule of law, community’s peace and tranquility,
and public morality.
6. The permission or denial of permission must be reported by the Chief of Township Police
Force to the Chief of the District Police Force and by the Chief Administrator of the Township
Department of General Administration to the Chief Administrator of the District Department
of General Administration promptly.
7. Chief of the Township Police Force concerned must do the following:
(a) If permission is granted, notify the applicant at least 48 hours in advance of the date and
time for the peaceful assembly or peaceful procession;
(b) If permission is denied, notify the reason for denial at least 48 hours in advance of the date
and time for the peaceful assembly or peaceful procession on the application.
8. The following information must be included in the permission:
(a) Date, place, and time of the peaceful assembly;
(b) Date, route, and time of the peaceful procession;
(c) Number of people given permission to participate in the peaceful assembly and peaceful
procession;
(d) Name(s) and address(es) of the person or persons given permission to speak;
(e) Local rules.
9. Appeals to the denial of permission can be made in the following way:
(a) Appeals can be made to the Chief of the Region or State Police Force concerned within
seven days of the receipt of the notification of denial.
(b) With approval from the Chief Administrator of the Department of Regional or State
General Administration, Chief of the Region or State Police Force concerned must make
a decision on the appeal, made in accordance with sub-section (a), within 14 days of its
receipt.
(c) The decision made by Chief of the Region or State Police force, in accordance with subsection
(b) is final.
Chapter (5) Rules
10. A peaceful assembly is to be made only at the site assigned in the permission.
11. When having a peaceful procession, so as not to disturb the public, people are given
permission to gather only at the assigned starting point of the route and to proceed peacefully
along the assigned route.
12. Those who participate in a peaceful assembly and a peaceful procession must obey the
following rules:
(a) They must not talk or behave in a way to cause any disturbance or obstruction, annoyance,
danger, or a concern that these might take place.
(b) They must not behave in a way that could destroy the government, public, or private
properties or pollute the environment.
(c) They must not obstruct or disturb vehicles, pedestrians, and people.
(d) They must not carry any weapons during a peaceful assembly and a peaceful procession.
(e) They must not say things or behave in a way that could affect the country or the Union,
race, or religion, human dignity and moral principals.
(f) They must not spread rumors or incorrect information.
(g) They can carry and display flags, posters, and signs during a peaceful assembly and a
peaceful procession.
(h) During a peaceful procession, they must not use loudspeakers other than the approved
hand-held ones; they must not recite or shout chants other than the ones approved.
(i) They must obey the supervision and enforcement of rules by the officials.
(j) They must obey necessary notices, orders, and instructions issued.
(k) If permission is revoked, they must not continue but disperse.
Chapter (6) Taking Action
13. A police officer with a rank of no less than a deputy is to give necessary protection to the
attendees of a peaceful assembly and peaceful procession, conducted in accordance with the
law, so that there can be no harassment, destruction, or obstruction.
14. A police officer no less than a deputy is to do the following:
(a) Warn the leader of the peaceful assembly and peaceful procession of any breach to the
rules in these Acts at the site.
(b) Report to the Chief of Township Police Force when the warning in sub-section (a) is not
heeded.
15. At the receipt of the report submitted according to Section 14 sub-section (b), the Chief
of Township Police Force must immediately report it to the Chief Administrator of the
Department of Township General Administration and get an approval and revoke either the
permission for a peaceful assembly or a peaceful procession. The official must first make a
verbal announcement of the revocation and give a written notice within 24 hours.
16. If the violation of the rules continues after the announcement of the revocation of the permit,
the Chief of the Township Police Force must continue to take an action in accordance with the
existing laws, bylaws, policies, and procedures.
Chapter (7) Crime and Punishment
17. If there is evidence that a person disturbs, destroys, obstructs, annoys, assaults, bullies,
or harms the attendees of a peaceful assembly or a peaceful procession conducted in
accordance with a given permission, he or she must receive a maximum sentence of two years
imprisonment or a maximum fine of fifty thousand kyat or both.
18. If there is evidence that a person is guilty of conducting a peaceful assembly or a peaceful
procession, he or she must receive a maximum sentence of one year imprisonment or a
maximum fine of thirty thousand kyat or both.
19. If there is evidence that a person violates a rule in Section 8 Sub-section (e) or a rule
in Sections 10, 11, and 12, that person must receive a maximum sentence of six months
imprisonment or a fine of ten thousand kyat or both.
Chapter (8) General
20. The crime against which an action is taken by this law is considered a crime actionable by the
police.
21. During a permitted peaceful assembly or a peaceful procession, if anyone breaches security
of the country, rule of law, peace and tranquility of the community, and the laws prescribed
to protect public morality, or hurt anyone else, action must be taken against these violations
according to the existing laws.
22. When exercising their right to a peaceful procession and a peaceful expression of their wishes
and opinions freely, each citizen must follow the provisions in this Act.
23. When a citizen or an organization with a permit no longer wants to conduct a peaceful
assembly or a peaceful procession due to various reasons, they must report this to the Chief of
Township Police Force within 24 hours.
24. When implementing the provisions in this Act, the Ministry of Home Affairs:
(a) Can issue bylaws or rules and regulations with approval from the Union Government;
(b) Can issue necessary announcements, orders, instructions, and procedures.
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I sign this in accordance with the constitution.
Thein Sein
President of the Country
Union Republic of Myanmar
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